1. The Intriguing Title of 'The Cradle of Polynesia'
Samoa, an archipelago in the South Pacific, holds the title of ‘The Cradle of Polynesia.’ This stems from the fact that it is believed to have been the center of the original Polynesian culture that spread throughout the other Pacific islands. People started settling here about 3,000 years ago, making it one of the oldest inhabited regions of Polynesia.
2. The Tradition of Tatau (Tattooing)
The Samoan culture gave birth to the concept of tattooing as we know it today. The tradition of 'Tatau' has been practiced for over 2,000 years and has a deep cultural significance. Intricate designs are tattooed on men and women as a rite of passage into adulthood, symbolizing their commitment to the community and their responsibility as adults.
3. The Unusual Sport of Cricket: 'Kirikiti'
Although rugby is the national sport of Samoa, a unique game called 'Kirikiti' is widely popular. It's a Samoan version of cricket but played with a three-sided bat. It can be a whole-day affair involving entire villages, symbolizing the importance of unity in the Samoan culture.
4. The Vibrant 'Elei' Fabric
'Elei' is a traditional Samoan fabric known for its beautiful and vibrant patterns. These patterns represent certain tales or legends which might differ from village to village. Even today, the 'Elei' pattern is synonymous with Samoa and forms a big part of the Samoan heritage and tradition.
5. The Land of Many Tongues
Samoa is home to many languages. The Sa'ole language, for example, only has four vowels and nine consonants. The country recognizes both Samoan and English as its official languages.
6. Peculiar Timing: The International Date Line Shift
In 2011, Samoa shifted its position in relation to the International Date Line to align its weekdays with Australia and New Zealand - major trading partners. This change caused December 30, 2011, to be skipped entirely in the local calendar!
7. The Samoan 'Fa’afafine'
'Fa’afafine' is the term used in Samoa for people who identify as a third gender. This third gender, which has been part of Samoan culture for centuries, is neither male nor female, but embodies traits of both. Fa’afafines actively participate in society and are recognized culturally.
8. The Royal Touch: Matai System
In Samoa, the Matai system, a political system of chiefdoms, is still practiced. The chiefs or the 'Matai' play an integral part in the decision-making process, preserving the Samoan culture and heritage.
9. Unique Birth Culture
In Samoa, newborn babies are traditionally wrapped in fine mats instead of baby blankets. These mats are a great source of pride and symbolize the strong connection that Samoans have with their ancestry and historical practices.
10. A Culture Rooted in Respect: 'Fa'a Samoa'
'Fa'a Samoa' or 'The Samoan Way' is a cornerstone of Samoan culture that places emphasis on respect and communal responsibility. It is marked by love for family, respect for elders, and care for the environment, steeping everyday life in Samoa with a distinct sense of community.
11. The Sleepy Sundays
In Samoa, Sunday is considered a day of rest, and activities are limited. Many businesses are closed, and people usually attend church services and spend time with family.
12. Aamu and Afalolo: Traditional Medicines
Traditional medicines like 'Aamu' and 'Afalolo' are still used in Samoa. 'Aamu' is made by boiling young coconut and ginger, while 'Afalolo' – a sleeping aid – is made by mixing grated yam and coconut cream.
13. Reputed Source of Fire Walking
It's believed that the tradition of fire walking originated in Samoa, on the island of Savai’i. During special occasions, ceremonies are held where certain families perform the dangerous act of walking on burning hot stones.
14. The Beautiful Rainforest Aopo Lava Tube
Samoa's Aopo Lava Tube is one of the most beautiful rainforest, filled with exotic species. It is a surreal tunnel that cuts through the earth and stretches for almost 2.5 kilometers- a paradise for nature lovers.
15. Naming Rights Reserved through Communal Burial Sites
In Samoa, it's tradition to bury family members in front of their homes. The tombstones and graves serve as a connection to their ancestors and mark their ownership to the lands they inhabit.
16. The Faaleosina: The Art of Coconut Painting
Coconut painting, known as 'Faaleosina', is a traditional Samoan art form that showcases stories and customs of everyday Samoan life. It's a beautiful way of connecting Samoans with their rich heritage.
17. The Sweetest Gift: Salusalu Garlands
Salusalu garlands are an integral part of Samoa's welcoming culture. Made using traditional fragrant flowers, shrubs, and leaves, they are gifted during ceremonies, festivities, and other important events.
18. 'Tanoa': The Bowl of Happiness
A Tanoa is a traditional Samoan bowl used for mixing 'kava', a traditional drink. Though it's made from the wood of a tree called ifilele, it’s also commonly referred to as a 'Yaqona bowl' or a 'Kava bowl', symbolizing hospitality and camaraderie in the Samoan culture.
19. An Enchanting Tale of Romantic Stones
The Saleaula lava fields are home to a pair of stones believed to be a couple who petrified after a disagreement. These are traditionally called 'the Virgin’s Grave' and 'the Moso’s Footprint'.
20. Samoa’s Ancient Game, 'Alo Alo'
Alo Alo, meaning 'throw throw', is a revered ancient game similar to darts but played with spears. It was traditionally played by high-ranking chiefs and Matais to showcase their strength and skill whilst also improving their hunting abilities.